2019年成人学位英语英汉互译专项复习资料(二)

　　1.Children and young people are at the heart of society. A good education enables them, as global citizens, to respond to the challenges of a complex world, and contribute to building peaceful and sustainable communities. The teachers of today and tomorrow need the skills, knowledge and support that will enable them to meet the diverse learning needs of every girl and boy. We must remember that teachers are an investment for the future. The international community and governments must stand united to support teachers and quality education worldwide, and especially in those countries where the highest number of out-of-school children exists.

　　答案：儿童和青年人是社会的核心所在。良好的教育会将他们培养成为全球公民，能够应对一个错综复杂世界的各种挑战，并为建设和平、可持续的社区做出贡献。当今和未来的教师都需要使他们能够满足每一名男女儿童多样的学习需求的技能、知识和帮助。我们要切记，教师属于一种对未来的投资。国际社会和各国政府必须团结起来，支持世界各地，特别是失学儿童人数最多的那些国家的教师和良好教育。

　　2.The United Nations is committed to strengthening tolerance by fostering mutual understanding among cultures and peoples. This imperative lies at the core of the United Nations Charter as well as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Promoting tolerance is also a key objective of the International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures being observed through 2022. And the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations is paving the path to greater cross-cultural understanding. On this International Day of Tolerance, I call on all people and governments to actively combat fear, hatred and extremism with dialogue, understanding and mutual respect. Let us advance against the forces of division and unite for our shared future.

　　答案：联合国决心通过加强不同文化和民族之间的相互了解来促进宽容。这是《联合国宪章》和《世界人权宣言》的核心要素。促进宽容也是持续到2022年的国际文化和睦十年的一个重要目标。联合国不同文明联盟正在为加强不同文化之间的了解铺平道路。值此国际宽容日之际，我呼吁各国人民和政府通过对话、了解和相互尊重，积极消除恐惧、仇恨和极端主义。让我们共同抗击分裂势力，为我们共同的未来团结起来。

　　3.The social costs of unemployment go far beyond the we/fare and unemployment payments made the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary-that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys. But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficacy of the new technology means there will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done. "We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure. It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new agreement on the division and distribution of labor."Seymour says.

　　答案：失业的社会成本远远超出了政府提供的福利和失业补贴。一项新的联邦调查显示，失业增加了离婚、虐待儿童、酗酒的几率。一些专家认为这个问题是暂时性的，新的技术最终将刨造与它毁掉数量相同的工作岗位。但是未来学者海门?赛宣称，新科技效率惊人，这意味着所需人类劳动的数量减少。他说：“我们应该把这看成是给人们更多空闲的机会。这可能并不简单，但社会将不得不在劳动分工上重新达成一致。”

　　4.No tree gets out of this world alive, and few people come through life without at least one serious illness. If we are given a serious diagnosis, it is useful to try to remain free of panic and depression. Panic can constrict the blood vessels and impose an additional burden on the heart. Depression, as medical researchers all the way back to Galen have observed, can set the stage for other illnesses or intensify existing ones. It is no surprise that so many patients who learn that they have cancer or heart disease or any other catastrophic disease become worse at the time of diagnosis. The moment they have a label to attach to their symptoms, the illness deepens.

　　答案：没有一个人能活着离开这个世界，极少有人一生一世没生过一次重病。如果医生诊断说你得了重病，避免恐慌和沮丧是大有益处的。恐慌会使血管收缩，增加心脏负担。而沮丧，正如自古希腊名医盖伦以来的医学专家们所指出的，可诱发其他疾病或加重目前的疾病，难怪许多患者一听说自己得了癌症或心脏病——或其他什么灾难性疾病，病症立即就会恶化。一旦给自己的各种症状贴上某种标签，病情便随之加重。

　　5.Throughout the world, for more than a century, artists have embraced jazz. They have adopt-ed its spontaneity and its freedom of expression. Jazz is so much more than music : it is a lifestyle and a tool for dialogue, even social change. The history of jazz tells of the power of music to bring together artists from different cultures and backgrounds, as a driver of integration and mutual respect. Jazz gave rhythm to the straggles of the civil fights movement in the United States, and has done so elsewhere in the world. Through jazz, millions of people have sung and still sing today their desire for freedom, tolerance and human dignity.

　　答案：一个多世纪以来，世界各地都有艺术家在演奏爵士乐。艺术家们钟情于爵士乐的即兴创造和自由表达。爵士乐远不止是一种音乐：它是一种生活方式，是对话乃至社会变革的一种工具。爵士乐的历史讲述的是音乐如何让不同文化和不同背景的艺术家走到一起，如何推动实现文化融合和相互尊重。是爵士乐的节奏一直伴随着美国和世界其他各地的民权斗争，也正是通过爵士乐，成千上万的人们一直讴歌着他们对自由、宽容和人类尊严的渴望。

　　6.The one thing all children have in common is their fights. Every child has the right to survive and thrive, to be educated, to be free from violence and abuse, to participate and to be heard. These are innate human rights, as inalienable as those held by adults. But until 1989, these rights were not formally articulated in a legally binding instrument, nor were governments fully accountable to advance these fights for every child. This all changed 25 years ago, on Universal Children' s Day, when the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It rapidly became the most widely ratified human fights treaty in history.

　　答案：所有儿童共同拥有的东西就是他们的权利。每个儿童都有权利生存、茁壮成长、接受教育、免受暴力和虐待以及参与并发表意见。这些都是固有的人权，就像成年人拥有的那些权利一样不可剥夺。但直到l989年之前，这些权利没有得到一项具有法律约束力的文书正式阐明，各国政府也不为促进每个儿童的这些权利充分问责。这一切在25年前的国际儿童日发生了变化，当时联合国通过了《儿童权利公约》。《公约》迅速成为历史上获得最广泛批准的人权条约。

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